Bradley allan fiske



No maal.) ashun-sheen 1.

v B. A. PISKB. TELESGOPE SIGHT FORGUNS.

Nfssmw. f f Patented' Mar; 1o`l lessa l I I (No Modelg) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

B. jLFISKE.' TELESGOPE SIGHT FOR GUNS.

Nb. 556,048. Patented-Mar. 10,1896..

Unire Sie i BRADLEY ALLAN Ij`ISKE, OF THE UNITED STAT 1S NAVY.

TELESCOPE-SIG ii'i' FOR GUNS.

SPEQFXCTION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 556,048, dated March 10, 1896.

Y pplioation tiled November 20,1895. Serial No. 569,487. l'No modeld To a/ZZ whom it may concern.:

Be it known that l, BRADLEY ALLAN Fisk s, of the United States Navy, have invented n new and useful Improvement in Telescope- Sight-s for Guns, of which the following is a specification. I

The invention relates to telescope-sights for guns, designed to secure greater accuracy of tire, and is an improvement upon the telcscope-sight described in Letters Patent No 504,337, granted to me September 5, 1593.

The invention consists more`particularly in the construction and arrangement of the telescope and mechanism whereby the same is protected from the effects oi concussion, in the novel disposition of the scale and index, and inthe various combinations of parts especially pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a -sidc elevation. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation. Fig. 3 represents the construction of n1 y said sight as adapted for use in connection with the guns in ships turrets.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

A re resents the telescope, which is mounted upon trunnions i3 in standards C, the standards being., supported upon a .suitable base D. Near the sight end of the telescope are brackets E and I?, which are formed upon or attached to the ring Y which encirclcs the telescope. Between the brackets E and l4` is inserted first a block G, having a hemispherical cavity to receive the globe II. The globe H is 'at the upper end of a rod I, which is earried by the elevating-screw J. After the globe II is inserted in the hemispherical cav ity of the block G, two smaller blocks K and L are inserted also into the space between the brackets E and F, so as to rest upon the inwardly-turned flanges of said bracket-s. These blocks K and L have their inner faces shaped to conform to the globe-surface with which said faces are in contact. In this way the block G and the blocks K and L form a bearing for the globe Il, in which said globe is rela-ined. Hence there is a positive connection between the elevating-screw J and the telescope, so that when the screw J is raised or lowered it moves the telescope with it, while on the-other hand the telescope cannot be moved by the concussion of the,l gun to which it is applied, because it is held at two points along its lengtl1--namely, at ils .trnnnions and at the point oli` its positive connection with the screw.

Vi'hile I prefer to employ the globe Il held in the cavity between the blocks G l( L, itis to be understood that I do not herein limit myself lo this construct-ion, because I may omit the blocks and provide the rod I simply ,o

with an enlarged head which enters the space between the bracketsI E F and will not pass through the interval between their ilnnges.

The elevating-screw J enters a threaded opening in the fixed nut or cylinder-lil, which is secured by bolts N lo the base l). Above the screw J and between the said screw and the rod l is a threaded portion t), olf less diameter than the screw J. 'lhisthreaded portion O enters the central threaded orifice of the disk l. Yihen said disk I rests upon its seat: on the upper shouldered part of the screw .La pin() is passed through the flange of said disk, and also through the threaded part O, thus securing the disk I and the screw J tirml y together.'

It is a hollow cylinder of metal, having on its outer periphery a scale graduated to show ranges in yards, meters orf/other units corresponding to angles of elevation of the telcscopc A. In the inner surface of the cylinder R is a groove S. Entering this groove are small disks T, which are supported by the screws V, which pass down through the disk I. ln order to prevent the-small disks '.l from turning when the screws V are rotated I provide screws Z, which pass through said disks T and into the disk l. -l `inall,y, \Vis an index-point, which is rigidly secured to the base D by screws X.

In adjusting the apparatus it is necessary, iirst, to bring the zero-pointl of the scale on cylinder-R to coincidence with the fixed index N when the line of sight of the telescope A is laid parallelto the axis of the bore of the gun which the apparatus is to control. To

this end the screws V are loosened, so that the scale-cylinder it may be' turned independently of the disk I", the circular groove S then sliding freely over the small disks T. This turning of the cylinder R is effected by hand, and in this way the zero-pointon the said cylinder@ is easily brought into coine- IOO 2 ssen-ie dence with the index lV. This accomplished, the screws V are tightened, forcing the disks closely against the side of the groove S, and

'so binding the cylinder. R and disk l) firmly a circular are, of which the center is the center of the trunnions B, while the globe H earried by the screw J moves 'up and down in a right line; but this difference in movement is permitted by thesliding of the blocks G E L in the brackets E and F in a direction par allel to the longitudinal axis of the telescope.

As the screw .l moves up or down while reist Y ing, it ot course carries with it the graduated cylinder R. Therefore said cylinder moves spil-ally in front of the fixed index il". Hence I inscribe on the eylinder-surface a spiral line ot' a pitch similar to that of the screw J, and

'upon said line I mark ranges, as shown in Fig.'

2, corresponding to the angelar position of the telescope A and to the angle of elevation which will he given to the gun which the ap paratus4 is to control.

This apparatus practically supersedes the ordinary sight on the gun. In order to adapt the ielescope for a given range, the disk P is turned until/the mark indicating that range comes opposite the index-point "W, and by reason of the turning of the said disk the globe II engaging with the blocks in the hrackets E and F raises or lowers the sight end of the telescope to an angle corresponding to said range.

y'lhe form of apparatus which is specifically represented in Figs. land 2 is more particularly designed for use on the saddle of: a gun whiclrrecoiis along the line of fire in the saddle, which saddle is moved by the operator lo elevate or depress the gun.

In adapting the device for use with turretguns, where the sight is necessarily placed in the sighting-hood ata distance afhove the gun, I may usc the construction represented in Fig. il. It is necessary to know the angle of the telescope-sight to the axis of the bore, and incidentally to provide means whereby said telescope can be laid parallel to said axis. This is sometimes done by inea-ns 0f a 1ne chauical dev icc in the nature of a parallel motion, which connects the gun with the hase on which the telescope is secured, so that the act of elevating or depressing the gn will, through said mechanical connection, correspondingly elevate or depress the hase of the telescope. illypresentdcvicccxhihitsamode of accomplishinga like resultwithout the usc of such connecting niechanisim I mount the base l) ofthe telescope on trunnions a on a standard b, which in turn is mount-ed ou the base c. At the end of the hase T), i provide v brackets d', similar to the bracketsE and F. In

these brackets is received a globe (not shown) which in turn rises from a screw which carries a disk e and cylinder f. The arrangement of the parts d e f is similar to that of the parts E, F, P, and R. The index g sccured to the base e is located with reference to the cylinder fin the same Way as index \V is located with reference io the cylinder l. The cylinder f, however, instead of being graduated for ranges corresponding to angies of elevation, may be graduated dirccil y in angles of elevation. Hence, when the gun is given a certain initial elevation, the hase D of the telescope A is brought. parallel to the axis of the bore of the gun by manipu-A latng the disk e and cylinder f', the disk if being rotated until the angle ot' the elevation of the gun is indicated on the cylinderfopn posits the pointer g. lhc disk 1 and cylinder R are then operated in the manner already described to give to the telescope .l au angle corresponding to the desired range. in some cases it may be convenient to graduate the cylinder f in angles of elevation and the cylinder R in ranges.

in addition to possessing all of the advantages incident to the type of telescope-sight which is described in my prior patent aforesaid, the following additional ones are secured by my present apparatus.'` The telescope is firmly held at two points of support in the position to which it may be adjusted, and cannot he thrown out of siich'positon by the concussion of the gunwhen the latter is tired. once and for all, and need not be readjustod for every iiring'ot the gun, unless the range is changed. The construction ofthe elevating and depressing mechanism is such that the telescope can be movedpover a considew able angle, while the gruduatiens for range will be far apart, thus enabling the instrumeutto be set at any range with especial accuracy. So, also, the ccnterof the trunnions may be set lowdown, thus minimizing the effect of vibration of the instrument and rendering it more vsolid and compact. It will also he observed that the elevating-screw is completely protected and has a large hearing in its supporting-cylinder. It is also possible, as I have already explained, to adjust the cylinder R to the zero-mark without moving the screw A`.l by lsimply loosening the clamping-screws V. This enables the apparatus lo lic readily adjusted on any gun.

l. 'l`he combination in u telescope-sight ol' a sight-i ul c movable on a transverse axis,a base on which lsaid ielcscopc is supported, a screw IOO The sight may therefore he adjusted l'cccivcd in a fixed hearing in said huso :ind

to said telescope, a cylinder carried by said g screw and a ilxcd inde.\ in proximity lo said cylinder; ilu periphery oi said cylinderbeing provided with a scale marked corrcspoiulingly to angular positions of the sight-tube, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a telescope-sight ofa sight-t ubc movable about a transverse axis, a supporting-base therefor, a fixed nut in said base, a screw entering said nut, a sliding bearing connected to said sight-tube, a projection on the upper end of said tube received -in said sliding bearing, and means for indicating the extent of movement of said screw, substantially as described.

3. 'lhecombinalion in a telescope-sight of a sight-tube movable about a transverse axis, a screw operating to cause said motion, a disk carried by said screw, a cylinder detachably secured to and carried by said disk; and provided on itsperiphery with a scale marked correspondingly to angular positions of the sight-tube, and a fixed index in proximity to said cylinder, substantially as described.

4. The combination in a telescope-sight of a sight-tube movable about a transverse axis, a screw operating to cause said motion, a disk carried by said screw, a cylinder carried by and rotating on said disk and provided on its periphery with a scale marked correspondingly to angular positions of said sight-tube, a fixed index in proximity to said cylinder, and means for clamping said cylinder rigidly to saiddisk, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a telescope-sight of .thesight-tube Amovableabout a transverse axis, base D therefor, fixed nut M on said base, screw J in said nutand having projection I a sliding bearing connected to said sighttube receiving the end of said proj ect-ion, and means for rotating said screw, to cause movement of said sight-tube about said axis, substantially as described.

. G. The combination in a telescope-sight of the sight-tube A movable about a transverse axis, base D therefor, fixed nut M on said base, screw J in said nut having projection I and globular end II, a sliding bearing connected to said sight-tube receiving said end 1I, and means for rotating said screw to cause movclnent of said sight-tube about said axis, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a telescope-sight of the sight-tube A movable about a transverse axis, base D therefor, fixed nut M on said base, screwJ in said nut having projection I, a slidin bearing connected to said sight-tube receiving ille end ofi' said projection, disk l on screw J, cylinder R carried by said disk P and provided on its periphery with a scale marked correspondingly to angular elevations of the tube and a fixed indexW in proximity to said cylinder, substantially as described.

' 8. The combination in a telescope-sight of the sight-tube A movable about a transverse axis, base D therefor, fixed nut M in said base, screw J in said nut having proj eetion I, a sliding bearing connected to said sight-tube receiving the end of said projection, disk I cn screw J, cylinder R having internal groove S, blocks 'l entering said groove, clampingscrews V for said blocks, and a fixed index lV in proximity to said cylinder; said cylinder being provided on its periphery with a scale marked correspondingly to angular elevations of the tube,substantially as described.

9. The combination in a telescope-sight of a sight-tube movable about a transverse axis,

a su pportin g-base therefor also movable about a transverse axis, a ixed table and means for varying the inclinati on of said base with reference to said fixed table, substantially as described.

10. .The combination in a telescope-sight of a sight-tube movable about a transverse axis, a supportin g-basc therefor also movable about a transverse axis, a ixed table means for varying the inclination of said sight-tube with reference to said base, and means for varying the inclination ot said base with reference to said fixed table, substantially as described.

11. rlhe combination in a telescope-sight of the ixed table c, base D supported on trunnions a thereon, a screw interposed between table and base and operating to move said base on its trunnions, a cylinder j' carried by said screw and marked to show angular dsplacement of said base, aJixed index g, in proximity to said cylindeiya sight-tube A supported on trunnions B and` carried by said base, a screw interposed between sight-tube and base and operating to move'said tube on its truunions, a cylinder R carried by said Screw and marked to show extent of movement o`l id screw, and a fixed index W in proximity, to said cylinder, substantially a described. v

BRADLEY ALLAN FISKE.

lVitnesses:

1I. R. MoLLnn, DA. VAN WART.

roo 

